Let us understand the chemical specifications of materials for vehicle armour in this post; we will come to know the complete concept behind the selection of material for vehicle armour after reading this post.
Chemical composition for armour material for different grades
We may see the following chemical compositions are strictly followed during the manufacturing of armour material because the typical properties of armour materials depend on the following listed chemical compositions.
Compositions are given in percentage
成绩 |
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
Cr |
Ni |
Mo |
B |
380 |
0.13 |
0.40 |
1.40 |
0.020 |
0.010 |
1.50 |
0.40 |
0.40 |
0.005 |
400 |
0.20 |
0.70 |
1.70 |
0.030 |
0.015 |
1.50 |
0.40 |
0.50 |
0.004 |
450 |
0.26 |
0.60 |
1.50 |
0.030 |
0.015 |
1.50 |
0.70 |
0.50 |
0.005 |
500 |
0.30 |
0.70 |
1.70 |
0.030 |
0.015 |
1.50 |
0.80 |
0.50 |
0.004 |
500T |
0.30 |
0.70 |
1.70 |
0.030 |
0.015 |
1.50 |
0.80 |
0.50 |
0.004 |
Microstructure of used material in armour
As we have observed that key properties of materials for armour is hardness.
Hardness depends on the microstructure; martensitic microstructure steel will have much hardness as compared to ferrite microstructure steel.
Heat treatment process plays a very important role in deciding the final product hardness.
Tempered martensitic microstructure will have less hardness as compared to quenched martensitic micro-structure.
Figure shows the microstructure of material grade 380 that we have used in above column.
Surface engineering
Surface engineering means to increase the properties by applying coating or Surface treatment & finishing. Rate of wear of material directly proportional to applied load and inversely proportional to hardness.
There are following way to increase the hardness as we may see in following table
Surface engineering process |
Improved properties |
Hardness & wear resistance |
Anodisation , Electroplating & TiN deposition via PVD |
Hardness & wear resistance |
Ceramic coating by CVD & PVD, nitriding, plasma spraying & carburizing |
Wear resistance + corrosion resistance +oxidation resistance |
金属喷涂、胶结 |
Corrosion resistance |
Galvanizing & electroplating & painting |
Wear resistance |
Plasma nitriding, High pressure carburizing, ion implementation, diffusion bonding |
Modern armour material –Aramide fiber
There are following properties of aramide fiber that shows good indication to use as material for armour vehicle
Tensile strength –3620 M Pa
Density – Lower 1.44 gm/cm3
Stiffness- good 131 G Pa
Toughness – excellent
But there is some disadvantage of this material
These materials are difficult to cut, so there will be problem in installation
Let us move towards next post............
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